In most cases, people with otherwise healthy immune systems who develop toxoplasmosis remain asymptomatic
Having no symptoms of illness or disease.'); return false">asymptomatic , but Toxoplasma gondii can trigger both chronic infection and abortion in adults, as well as fatal illness in patients with immune deficiencies.
In addition, interleukin-8 (IL8) is known to selectively stimulate the ability of tissue that has been injured or inflamed by neutrophil and T Major component of the cellular immune system (in contrast to the humoral immune system) that consists of T-Cells and B-Cells and is largely responsible for attacking intracellular organisms.'); return false">lymphocytes .
To determine a possible connection between celiac disease and Toxoplasma gondii, the research team recruited 827 pregnant women.
On average, the team took samples 5.5 months into pregnancy, and used enzyme
A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body.'); return false">enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay to determine Toxoplasma-specific immunoglobulin
A high molecular weight protein which is produced by specialized B cells in the lymph nodes after stimulation by an antigen which acts specifically against the antigen in an immune response. They typically consist of four sub-units that include two heavy and two light chains. Also known as immunoglobulin.'); return false">immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM (Trinity-Biotech Toxo IgG & IgM, NY).
To assess IL8 levels, they used human IL8/ NAP-1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Bender MedSystems, Vienna, Austria, in accordance with manufacturer's instructions as well as IgA anti-tissue antibodies
High molecular weight proteins which are produced by specialized B cells in the lymph nodes after stimulation by an antigen which act specifically against the antigen in an immune response. They typically consist of four sub-units that include two heavy and two light chains. Also known as immunoglobulin.'); return false">antibodies for celiac disease as described previously.
After childbirth, those patients satisfied for follow-up who tested positive for anti-tissue transglutaminase submitted to biopsy
The examination of tissues or liquids from the living body to determine the existence or cause of a disease.'); return false">biopsy specimens. The team evaluated biopsies
The examination of tissues or liquids from the living body to determine the existence or cause of a disease.'); return false">biopsies using Marsh-Rostami classification.
In all, 27 subjects (3.3 % confidence interval: 1.2 4.3) tested positive for anti-tissue transglutaminase. Those patients averaged 27 years of age, and 4.8 months mean pregnancy. Eight of the 27 celiac disease-serology
A medical science dealing with blood sera and especially their immunological reactions and properties.'); return false">serology positive subjects submitted to endoscopy
A visual examination of the interior of a hollow body organ by use of an endoscope, which is a long slender medical instrument for examining the interior of a bodily organ or performing minor surgery.'); return false">endoscopy . Six of them showed abnormal histology
The microscopic structure of the tissues of living organisms. '); return false">histology , including two Marsh I, three Marsh Ia, and one Marsh Ic.
Overall, one hundred and fifty-four women (31% ) and 58 (7% ) pregnant women showed positive results for total IgG and IgM for Toxoplasma gondii serology, respectively.
Notably, 16 out of 27 (59%) celiac disease-serology positive subjects were infected by T. gondii compared with 257 out of 800 (32%) non-celiac disease pregnant women (odd ratio = 3.07, 95% confidence interval: 1.4 6.7)
This finding highlights an important relationship between incidences of celiac disease-serology and Toxoplasma gondii ( P = 0.04).
Three patients with Marsh I, Ia, and Ic also positive IgG showed Toxoplasma gondii infections.
Regardless of their celiac disease status, patients infected with toxoplasma gondii showed elevated levels of IL8, especially IgM positive patients.
Results showed that positive celiac disease or Toxoplasma gondii blood screens were connected to poor pregnancy outcomes.
In all, 9 of 27, or 33.4%, of test subjects with positive celiac disease-serology showed poor medical histories, while more than half of had either previously miscarried (4/9) or produced low birth weight babies (3/9).
Thus, the researchers point out that positive celiac disease-serology correlated with greater risk of low birth weights and miscarriages regardless of T. gondii status.
The results of this study show patients with positive celiac disease-serology had higher overall rates of Toxoplasma gondii infection rates than did those with negative celiac disease serology, but celiac disease did not trigger increase in proinflammatory Any of various proteins secreted by immune system cells which serve to regulate the immune system.'); return false">cytokines , such as IL8.
This suggests that celiac disease may increase the risk of Toxoplasma gondii infection.
From these observations, the research team proposes that celiac disease predisposes individuals to Toxoplasma gondii infection and may promote distribution of the ingested Toxoplasma gondii oocysts beyond small bowel
The portion of the digestive tract between the stomach and the anus.'); return false">bowel lesions and might increase sensitivity to gluten in some way.
On the other hand, the presence of Toxoplasma gondii may promote the celiac disease in susceptible individuals. This is in keeping with prior studies that suggest that other enteric infections may promote celiac disease among susceptible individuals.
Source:
American Journal of Gastroenterology doi: 10.1038 / ajg.2010.425
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